Date of Publication : April 2026

Abstract: The volume of electronic waste (e-waste) is increasing exponentially, posing two crises, environmental degradation and cybersecurity vulnerability, especially due to the leakage of information stored in discarded storage media. Conventional e-waste management solutions usually use central databases and manual records that are prone to manipulation of data and records cannot be traced securely. In this study, the authors suggest ECOCYPHER, a combined system based on Internet of Things (IoT) sensors and permissioned Hyperledger Fabric blockchain to offer an immutable, fully end-to- end traceable logistical network. The system processes apply RFID and GPS-based IoT tracks to track the movement of e-waste, and a multi-tier security protocol that incorporates authentication with the help of a hash of SHA-256 and One-Time Password (OTP) application blocks unauthorized access and theft of information. In addition, the framework will have an anomaly detection engine based on Local outlier factor (LOF), haversine route deviation analysis, and Z-score statistical monitoring to detect anomalies like illegal dumping or unapproved diversions. There is a performance assessment that states that the proposed system has a high transaction and low latency, thus providing scalable digital governance. Through its solutions to the shortcomings of recent models, including the absence of advanced security analytics and reputation management, it offers a capable infrastructure of secure e-waste management in the times of Industry 4.0.

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